In this session, we will address the use of animals in the context of ethics and the Three Rs. We explore different views on animal science in the European and a broader context. The relation between ethics, the Three Rs and scientific validity and translation of research results is addressed, as well as legal and policy limits to the use of animals in research. Harm-benefit analysis as an instrument is addressed in some detail. The role of transparency and dialogue in communication with a non-scientist public is emphasized, including non-technical summaries.
